{"id":1599,"date":"2020-07-02T12:37:17","date_gmt":"2020-07-02T10:37:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/atomic-temporary-179435686.wpcomstaging.com\/?p=82"},"modified":"2020-07-02T12:37:17","modified_gmt":"2020-07-02T10:37:17","slug":"firma-honeywell-stworzyla-najszybszy-komputer-kwantowy-swiata-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ailaw.news\/pl\/firma-honeywell-stworzyla-najszybszy-komputer-kwantowy-swiata-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Honeywell has created the world’s fastest quantum computer"},"content":{"rendered":"

Kilka dni temu \u015bwiat obieg\u0142a informacja o osi\u0105gni\u0119ciu firmy Honeywell<\/strong>. Ta ameryka\u0144ska firma technologiczna zajmuj\u0105ca si\u0119 automatyk\u0105 przemys\u0142ow\u0105, budynk\u00f3w i system\u00f3w sterowania dla lotnictwa, zbudowa\u0142a komputer kwantowy<\/strong> o najwi\u0119kszej pojemno\u015bci kwantowej – 64, zostawiaj\u0105c w tyle swoich konkurent\u00f3w: IBM, czy Google. Dla por\u00f3wnania komputery obs\u0142ugiwane przez technologicznych rywali s\u0105 dwukrotnie mniejsze. Honeywell zapowiedzia\u0142a r\u00f3wnie\u017c \u017ce udost\u0119pni swoje osi\u0105gni\u0119cie komercyjnie do u\u017cytku innym firmom. Nie ujawniono, kt\u00f3re z nich s\u0105 ch\u0119tne skorzysta\u0107 z oferty, ale potwierdzono, \u017ce JPMorgan Chase, jeden z najwi\u0119kszych holding\u00f3w finansowych na \u015bwiecie, kt\u00f3ry ju\u017c ma w swoich szeregach ekspert\u00f3w kwantowych, mo\u017ce skorzysta\u0107 ze stworzonej maszyny, np. do budowania modeli wykrywaj\u0105cych oszustwa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Komputery klasyczne, opieraj\u0105c si\u0119 na prawach fizyki klasycznej, u\u017cywaj\u0105 podstawowej jednostki informacji nazywanej bitem<\/strong>, mog\u0105cym przyj\u0105\u0107 dwa stany: zero lub jedynk\u0119. Za pomoc\u0105 tych dw\u00f3ch warto\u015bci komputer jest w stanie przetwarza\u0107 informacj\u0119 i dokonywa\u0107 oblicze\u0144. Komputery kwantowe, opieraj\u0105c si\u0119 na prawach mechaniki kwantowej, nie korzystaj\u0105 z tej metody i opieraj\u0105 si\u0119 na kubitach <\/strong>(bitach kwantowych), mog\u0105cych znajdowa\u0107 si\u0119 w dw\u00f3ch stanach jednocze\u015bnie i mog\u0105cych przyjmowa\u0107 niesko\u0144czon\u0105 liczb\u0119 stan\u00f3w mi\u0119dzy 0 a 1. S\u0105 w stanie p\u0142ynnym okre\u015blanym prawdopodobie\u0144stwem (qubit w superpozycji<\/strong>). Dzi\u0119ki temu s\u0105 bardziej wydajne, mog\u0105 pos\u0142u\u017cy\u0107 do wykonywania skomplikowanych operacji matematycznych i dzia\u0142a\u0107 znacznie szybciej ni\u017c klasyczne komputery. Maszyna stworzona przez Honeywell sk\u0142ada si\u0119 z komory z nierdzewnej stali, ch\u0142odzonej ciek\u0142ym helem i osi\u0105ga temperatur\u0119 prawie zera absolutnego \u2013 punktu, w kt\u00f3rym atomy przestaj\u0105 wibrowa\u0107. W komorze atomy poruszaj\u0105 si\u0119 nad komputerowym chipem i s\u0105 sterowane za pomoc\u0105 laser\u00f3w, steruj\u0105cych uk\u0142adem kwantowym. Miar\u0119 obj\u0119to\u015bci (pojemno\u015bci) kwantowej<\/strong> (quantum volume) stworzy\u0142 IBM. Jest to bezwymiarowy wsp\u00f3\u0142czynnik, s\u0142u\u017c\u0105cy do okre\u015blania mo\u017cliwo\u015bci komputer\u00f3w kwantowych i uwzgl\u0119dniaj\u0105cy m.in. liczb\u0119 kubit\u00f3w i b\u0142\u0119dy pomiaru. Komputery kwantowe IBM posiadaj\u0105 pojemno\u015b\u0107 kwantow\u0105 32, Honeywell a\u017c 64.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Komputer stworzony przez Honeywell mo\u017ce by\u0107 stosowany w wielu dziedzinach, np. w bran\u017cy medycznej do opracowywania nowych lek\u00f3w. Zyska na tym osi\u0105gni\u0119ciu r\u00f3wnie\u017c sektor finansowy, kt\u00f3ry mo\u017ce u\u017cy\u0107 maszyny do przeprowadzania analiz rynk\u00f3w finansowych, a tak\u017ce wykorzysta\u0107 go do zapewnienia wi\u0119kszego bezpiecze\u0144stwa swoich system\u00f3w. Pojawi\u0142y si\u0119 r\u00f3wnie\u017c g\u0142osy m\u00f3wi\u0105ce o tym, \u017ce maszyna kwantowa mo\u017ce stanowi\u0107 zagro\u017cenie dla ca\u0142ego \u015bwiata kryptowalut. Mo\u017cliwe jest, \u017ce mog\u0142aby z\u0142ama\u0107 256-bitowe szyfrowanie bitcoina.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Niekt\u00f3rzy uwa\u017caj\u0105 r\u00f3wnie\u017c, \u017ce dzi\u0119ki temu osi\u0105gni\u0119ciu b\u0119dziemy w stanie zbudowa\u0107 siln\u0105 sztuczn\u0105 inteligencj\u0119. Najnowsza sfera bada\u0144 naukowych nazywana quantum machine learning<\/strong> \u2013 bada w jaki spos\u00f3b mo\u017cna wykorzysta\u0107 moc komputera kwantowego do zwi\u0119kszania szybko\u015bci algorytm\u00f3w uczenia maszynowego. Klasyczne uczenie maszynowe (machine learning)<\/strong> \u2013 polega na tym, \u017ce tworzony jest automatyczny system potrafi\u0105cy uczy\u0107 si\u0119 i doskonali\u0107 dzi\u0119ki do\u015bwiadczeniu – danych wprowadzonych i nabywa na tej podstawie now\u0105 wiedz\u0119. Maszyna mo\u017ce wi\u0119c wykonywa\u0107 zadania, do kt\u00f3rych nie by\u0142a wcze\u015bniej zaprogramowana. Systemy sztucznej inteligencji s\u0105 zdolne by przetwarza\u0107 ogromne ilo\u015bci informacji, a dzi\u0119ki u\u017cyciu komputer\u00f3w kwantowych ich dzia\u0142anie mog\u0142oby przyspieszy\u0107 milion razy. Sama sztuczna inteligencja mog\u0142aby zacz\u0105\u0107 tworzy\u0107 algorytmy bardziej z\u0142o\u017cone, ni\u017c te kt\u00f3re mo\u017ce stworzy\u0107 cz\u0142owiek.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Maszyna stworzona przez Honeywell mo\u017ce realnie pom\u00f3c osi\u0105gn\u0105\u0107 rzeczy, kt\u00f3re dotychczas mog\u0142y by\u0107 niemo\u017cliwe do wykonania. Zbli\u017camy si\u0119 do punkty, w kt\u00f3rym sztuczna inteligencja mo\u017ce tworzy\u0107 w\u0142asne systemy, kt\u00f3re b\u0119d\u0105 niezrozumia\u0142e dla cz\u0142owieka i tym samym stracimy w\u0142adz\u0119 i realny wp\u0142yw na t\u0119 technologi\u0119.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

ENG.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A few days ago, information about Honeywell’s<\/strong> achievement spread around the world. This U.S. technology company focused on automation of industrial, buildings and control systems for aviation has built a quantum computer<\/strong> with the highest quantum volume – 64, leaving its competitors behind: IBM or Google. By comparison, computers operated by technological rivals are twice as small. Honeywell also announced that it will make its achievement commercially available to other companies. It has not been revealed which of them are willing to use the offer, but it has been confirmed that JPMorgan Chase, one of the largest financial holdings in the world, which already has quantum experts in its range, can use the created machine for e.g. to build models to detect frauds. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

The classic computers, based on the laws of classical physics, use a basic unit of information called a bit<\/strong>, which can accept two states: zero or one. Using these two values, the computer is able to process information and make calculations. The quantum computers, based on the laws of quantum mechanics, do not use this method and are based on qubits (quantum bits<\/strong>), which can be in two states simultaneously and can take an infinite number of states between 0 and 1. They are in a liquid state determined by probability (qubit in superposition<\/strong>). This makes them more efficient, they can be used to perform complex mathematical operations and operate much faster than classical computers. The machine created by Honeywell consists of a chamber made of stainless steel, cooled by liquid helium and reaches a temperature of almost absolute zero – the point where the atoms stop vibrating. In the chamber, the atoms move over the computer chip and are controlled by lasers, controlling the quantum system. The measurement of quantum volume<\/strong> was created by IBM. It is a dimensionless factor used to determine the capabilities of quantum computers and taking into account, i.a. the number of qubits and measurement errors. IBM quantum computers have a quantum volume of 32, Honeywell up to 64.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The computer created by Honeywell can be used in many areas, e.g. in the medical industry to develop new drugs. The financial sector will also benefit from this achievement, as it can use the machine to analyze financial markets and use it to make its systems more secure. There have also been voices saying that a quantum machine can pose a threat to the whole world of cryptography. It is possible that it could crack 256-bit bitcoin encryption.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some also believe that with this achievement we will be able to build a strong artificial intelligence. The most recent field of scientific research called quantum machine learning<\/strong> is researching how to use the power of a quantum computer to increase the speed of machine learning algorithms. The classical machine learning<\/strong> is based on the fact that it is possible to creating an automatic system capable of learning and improving through experience – data entered and acquiring new knowledge on this basis. The machine can therefore perform tasks for which it was not previously programmed. Artificial intelligence systems are capable of processing huge amounts of information, and thanks to the use of quantum computers their operation could be accelerated million times. Artificial intelligence alone could start creating algorithms that are more complex than those that humans can create.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The machine created by Honeywell can really help you achieve things that may not have been possible before. We are approaching the point where artificial intelligence can create its own systems that are incomprehensible to humans and thus lose power and impact on this technology.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Agata Konieczna<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Kilka dni temu \u015bwiat obieg\u0142a informacja o osi\u0105gni\u0119ciu firmy Honeywell. Ta ameryka\u0144ska firma technologiczna zajmuj\u0105ca si\u0119 automatyk\u0105 przemys\u0142ow\u0105, budynk\u00f3w i system\u00f3w sterowania dla lotnictwa, zbudowa\u0142a komputer kwantowy o najwi\u0119kszej pojemno\u015bci kwantowej – 64, zostawiaj\u0105c w tyle swoich konkurent\u00f3w: IBM, czy Google. Dla por\u00f3wnania komputery obs\u0142ugiwane przez technologicznych rywali s\u0105 dwukrotnie mniejsze. Honeywell zapowiedzia\u0142a r\u00f3wnie\u017c \u017ce […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[10,14,15,27],"class_list":["post-1599","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news","tag-ai","tag-artificial-intelligence","tag-artificial-law","tag-technology"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ailaw.news\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1599","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ailaw.news\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ailaw.news\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ailaw.news\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ailaw.news\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1599"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/ailaw.news\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1599\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ailaw.news\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1599"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ailaw.news\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1599"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ailaw.news\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1599"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}